Manual pocket square



Nov. 9, 1948. F. G. SHELBY MANUAL POCKET SQUARE Filed Feb. 25, 1946INVENTOR. v ITZ GERALD SHELBY ATToR/vm Patented Nov. 9, 1948 UNITEDSTATES PATENT OFFICE MANUAL POCKET SQUARE Fitz Gerald Shelby, Shelby,Miss. Application February 25, 1946, Serial No. 649,973

4 Claims. 1

This invention relates to a computing folding square, and is moreparticularly directed to a means for positioning a sighting device whiledetermining the angular displacement of said device.

The present invention is an improvement over a related deviceconstituting the subject matter of Patent No. 1,238,833 dated September4, 1917.

An object of the invention is the provision of an arrangement forpositioning a sighting device used in surveying, in which the device isattached in parallel relation to a member of an extensible support witha, marking device carried by the support for scribing intersecting linesindicating the relative angular positions of the sighting device duringsurveying, a scale on the support disclosing the angular displacement indegrees and fractions thereof.

Another object of the invention is the provision of an arrangement forpositioning a sighting device used in surveying along intersecting lineswith a marking device for scribing lines indicating the positions ofsaid sighting device with a member simultaneously actuated by thesighting device, when in transit, and movable over a scale fordisclosing angular displacements of the sighting in degrees.

A further object of the invention is the provision of an arrangement forsupporting and guiding a sighting device in such a, manner that theangle defined by a pair of intersecting lines representing thedirections of the sighting device when aligned with two distant pointsand a predetermined point may be computed from the position of a membermovable in parallel relation with the sighting device and cutting ascale in degrees, a marker on the supporting means scribing on a sheetof paper, intersecting lines which define the angle of displacement ofthe sighting device.

The invention consists in the novel construction, arrangement andcombinations of parts hereinafter more particularly described andclaimed.

One sheet of drawings accompanies this specification as part thereof, inwhich like reference characters indicate like parts throughout.

In the drawings:

Figure 1 is a, plan view of a folding square for supporting a sightingdevice;

Figure 2 is an edge view of the square looking toward what may be termedthe rear edge;

Figure 3 is a horizontal section taken along the line 3-3 of Figure 2;

Figure 4 is a horizontal section taken along the line 4-4 of Figure 2;

Figure 5 is an end view looking at the let hand end of Figure 2 with themovable parts in folded relation, and the sighting device removed;

Figure 6 is a transverse vertical section taken along the line 66 ofFigure 2;

Figure '7 is an enlarged vertical section taken along the line '!1 ofFigure 1;

Figure 8 is a detail plan view of a sliding block to which one of thearms of a marker support is pivoted; and

Figure 9 is a vertical transverse section taken on the line 99 of Figure2.

Referring more particularly to the drawings, it will be seen that theinstrument or folding square includes a flat rectangular-shaped body orso-callcd beam composed of a pair of spaced metal plates ill and H and abase l2 which has a chamber i3 therein adapted to receive a combinedfolded marker and sighting device support 14, while the plate I Iprovides a chamber 5 to house an arm or extension slide it. This body orbeam is' provided with straight parallel edges, and in order that it maybe used as an ordinary scale or ruler, it is provided along one edge ofthe top plate Ill with ordinary scales or measuring graduations.

On the lower side of the body is a flange located a short distanceinwardly from the front edge of the body. The front face of this flangeconstitutes a shoulder adapted to bear against the edge of a board orother object on which the marking or measuring is to be done. hisflange, the side faces of which extend nearly the length of the body orbeam and parallel to the edges thereof, is very important in the use oithe instrument, for without the flange it would be practicallyimpossible to obtain accurate results.

The top plate I II is provided with a slot 19 which extends nearly thelength of the body in a direction parallel to the side edges thereof.

A slot is also provided in the plate l i and E2, and these slots arealigned with the slot 18 as shown in Figure 9. A slide block 2;) isreceived by the slot in base l2 and is adapted to ove freely along theslot, but may be clamped in any position along the slot by means of aclamp ing set screw I6 This screw carries a movable indicator in theform of a beveled cross piece 25 adapted to cooperate with fixed scalesor graduations.

The marker previously referred to is in this instancecarriedbyalazy-tongs extensible support which is movable inwardly andoutwardly with respect to the body or beam. The upper corner of the bodyis notched or cut away, as shown at 22, in order that the extensiblesupport may be compactly folded in the body and in order that the pointof the marker may be moved from and to a position substantially in linewith the front face of the flange l8. so that a line may be drawn by themarker from the very edge of the board against which the square isplaced, This extensible marker support is composed of two inner members23 and 2t and two outer members 25 and 26 which are pivoted together bymeans of pins or rivets so as to form a lazy-tongs'construction. One endof the arm 23 is pivotally connected to the body or beam at 2'1 in linewith the slot i9, and the inner end of the arm 24 is pivotally connectedto the slidin block 2| inline with the pivotal point 2?. Furthermore,the arm 23 and the arm 24 are of precisely the same length and arepivoted together at a point 24 midway between their ends; the arm 25which is pivoted at 28 to the outer end of arm 23 is of precisely thesame length as the arms 23 and 24, and the arm 2% which is half thelength of the other arms has one end pivoted at 29 to the outer end ofthe arm 2 and at its other end is pivoted to the arm at a point 2!midway between the ends of arm 25. At the outer free end of the arm 25is a marker 39 which may be of any suitable construction, but in thiscase consists of a marker proper w (see particularly Figure '7), whichis preferably a piece of lead or other suitable marking material carriedby a shank of a screw 30 adapted to be screwed into a threaded socket ofa small cylindrical member 353 secured at the outer end of the arm 25.It will be observed that by reason of this construction as thelazy-tongs support is extended the sliding block 29 will move along theslot toward the pivotal axis of arm 23, and. as the support is collapsedthe sliding block will move in an opposite direction. It will beobserved also that as the support is either extended or moved inwardlytoward the body the marker moves in a straight line at right angles tothe body or beam, and if the square is placed along the edge of a board,and the support is moved outwardly, the marker will draw a line at rightangles to the edge of the board. In other words,

the instrument when used in this manner serves as an ordinary carpenterssquare.

The instrument may be used as a panel gage and in the use of theinstrument for this purpose the sliding block 2i! will be clamped inposition when the marker has been moved outwardly the i proper distancefrom the edge of the flange I8, so that when the square is placedagainst the edge of a board and is moved along such edge the marker willdraw a line at the desired distance from the edge of the board andparallel thereto.

In order that the instrument may be conveniently used as a panel gage,the upper plate I!) of the body or beam is provided with a series ofgraduations which are preferabiy marked in terms of inches to indicatedifferent panel widths measured outwardly from the face of the flange13, this column being indicated on the face of the plate Panel gage. Anydesired width of panel can be obtained by setting the sliding block withthe edge of the indicator 2| on the graduation corresponding to the gagedesired.

Not only do the arms 23 to 26 form the extensfble support for themarker, but they are used for ruling or marking purposes, that is formarking lines at any desired angles with respect to the edge of theboard, the inner arms 23 and 24 being particularly useful for thispurpose, although the arms 25 and 25 are parallel, respectively, to thearms 23 and 24, and make the same angles with respect to the edge of theboard against which the square is placed as do the arms 23 and 24. Inorder that the ruling arms 23 and 24 may be shifted to and set at anydesired or predetermined angle, the upper plate It of the ruler body orbeam is provided "with a scale 36 graduated in degrees, the differentgraduations indicating the difierent angles, which the arms 23 and 24,etc., make with respect to the edge of flange I8 or the edge of theboard against which the square is placed.

When the edge of the indicator is placed on the graduation of the scale,the square may be used as a miter square, for the arms 23 and 24 arethen at angles of 45 to the face or edge of the flange Hi. When thesearms are in the position stated, that is, in the miter gage position,the arm 26 and the outer part of the arm 25 are thence at right anglesto each other, and these parts thence constitute a try square and may beused for that purpose.

Not only does this scale 36 enable lines to be drawn on a board alongthe arms 23 and 24 at any desired angles, but by means of this scale theinstrument may be used as a protractor to determine the angle in degreesmade of any two lines, for by adjusting the lazy-tongs construc tionuntil the edge of arms 23 or 24 and the adjacent edge of the body orbeam of the square make the same angle as or coincide with the lines ofan unknown angle, the position of the indicator will indicate on thescale 35 the particular angle which these lines make.

A spacer block 48 forms the head of the screw 30*. This block has apocket 3! which receives a coil spring 42 pressing against a head 33 ofa pin 44 that passes through an elongated slot 65 in the extension slideHi. This slide, when a set screw 46 is released, may be drawn outwardlyof the chamber 15 between the plates i0 and H so that an edge 50 of theslide will align with an edge 5! on the plate it, whereby the slide andpiate 10 may operate as an ordinary scale or ruler since both the slideand plate are provided with ordinary scale or measuring graduations ininches and fractions thereof.

A sighting device 52 is mounted in a sleeve 53 which has flanges 54secured to the member 25. The device is parallel to the member 25 sothat its longitudinal axis is likewise parallel to said member. Ihesighting device which is employed in surveying is positioned by theextensible member generally designated by the member l t at portionsoutwardly of the body or beam.

The extensible member not only positions the sighting device forobserving from a predetermined point a second point, but the marker Stwill scribe a line on a sheet of paper at right angles to the edgeil ofthe plate iii. The cross piece 2! at the same time will cut the scale 38to indicate the angles that the longitudinal axis of the sighting devicemakes with the edge of the scale 35-; and the scribed line previouslydefined.

If a second observation is made between a third point and the secondpoint, the angle formed by lines connecting the first and second pointwith the third point can be determined readily, as previously explained.The distance between the first and third points is found by actualmeasurements.

The pin 4% riding in the slot of the extension slide it cooperates withsaid slide for stabilizing U the sighting device and the extensiblemember It.

The plate i I has a shoulder 82 adjacent a groove 63 that receives theslid-e i6 when located in the i'ull line position shown in Figure 1. Atthis time, an edge of said slide-is. in contact with an edge of theshoulder Eli, so that the slide will not only be positioned at rightangles to the edge 51 of the plate It! but will be held in such positionwhen the set screw dis is tightened for stabilizing the movements of thesighting device and the extensible support.

The indicator 21 is finally positioned over the scale 36 by the supportHi When the sighting device 52 has been adjusted to align with a distanttarget. The set screw 35 is then tightened and a scale reading is madeto determine the number of the degrees of the angle formed by the arm 24and an edge of the plate It. Such scale reading is made at the pointwhere the indicator cuts the scale 35:

A spirit level El is mounted in the flange I8 for prescribing thehorizontal position of the beam.

Although a preferred and practical embodiment of the invention isdisclosed herein, it is to be understood that various modifications maybe made within the scope of the appended claims.

A spirit level 6| is mounted in an end of the base l2 so that said basemay be maintained in a transversely horizontal position while the level6! determines the longitudinal horizontal position of the base. In otherwords, the two spirit levels cooperate to maintain horizontally astraight line connecting any two points on the upper surface or any twopoints on the bottom surface of the instrument.

The pivot 2? for the arm 23 on the body or beam is in the hollowproviding a central passage 27 When it is desired to inscribe a circlewith the instrument, a pointed device or pin is inserted into thepassage and pressed into the board or paper. The lazy tongs are pulledout until the inner edge of the beveled cross-piece 2| aligns with theproper graduation on the Panel gauge representing the radius of thecircle to be inscribed. The outer end of the extension slide is movedaround the pivot 21', whence the marker 3t! will inscribe the circle.

If it be desired to inscribe a circle having a radius of five inches,the beveled edge of the crosspiece is moved to alignment with thegraduation 5 on the Panel gauge and the cross-piece is secured in place,after which the extension slide is moved as previously explained.

Having thus fully described my invention, I claim:

1. In a folding square, a body having a slot therein, an extensiblesupport in the form of a lazy-tongs construction having an arm pivotallyconnected to said body and an arm guided in said slot, said body havinga chamber at one face to receive the support when collapsed, the bodyhaving a chamber at the other face, an extension slide in the secondchamber and adapted to be established at right angles to an edge of thebody, a sighting device mounted on a member of the extensible support sothat said device may be positioned outwardly of the body and cooperatingmeans on the extensible support and extension slide for retaining thesighting device in a stabilized position.

2. In a folding square, a body having a slot therein, an extensiblesupport comprising a plurality of pivotally-connected members in theform of a lazy-tongs construction, the inner ends of a pair of saidmembers having pivotal connections with the body, a slide mounted in theslot in said body carrying one of the pivotal connections, a sightingdevice mounted in parallel relation with and on an outer member thelazy-tongs construction, an arm disposed at right angles to the body,and cooperating means on said arm and lastmentioned member forstabilizing the sighting device in predetermined positions.

3. An extensible support comprising a plurality of pivotally connectedmembers in the form of a lazy-tongs construction, a body, the inner endof one member being pivotally connected to the body, means forming asliding connection between the innerend of another member and said body,a sighting device attached in parallel relation to a third member whichis parallel to the secondinentioned member, the body being provided witha scale in degrees representing angles formed by a line on the body andan edge of the second-mentioned member, and an indicator carried by thesliding connection and cutting the scale for indicating simultaneouslythe degrees of the angles formed by the second arm and the sightingdevice, the axis of the sighting device being always at an acute angleto a longitudinal edge of the body.

4. An extensible support comprising a plurality of pivotally connectedmembers in the form of a lazy tongs construction, a body, the inner endof one member being pivotally connected to the body, means forming asliding connection between the inner end of another member and saidbody, a sighting device attached inparallel relation to a third memberwhich is parallel to the second mentioned member, the body beingprovided with a scale in degrees representing angles formed by a line onthe body and an edge of the second mentioned member, and an indicatorcarried by the slide connection and cutting the scale for indicatingsimultaneously the degrees of the angles formed by the second member andthe sighting device, the axis of the sighting device being always at anacute angle to a longitudinal edge of the body, an arm disposed at rightangles to the body, the arm having a longitudinal slot therein, a markeron an end of said third member of the extensible support, a screw forsecuring the marker on said support, a head on the screw and a pinslidably mounted in the-head and received by the slot in the arm forstabilizing the sighting device in predetermined positions of use.

TEITZ GERALD SHELBY.

REFERENCES CITED UNITED STATES PATENTS Name Date Crosby Jan. 17, 1939Number

